Body Fat Percentage Calculator

Estimate your body fat percentage from tape measurements using the US Navy circumference method, with an optional fat-mass and lean-mass breakdown when you add your weight.

Your measurements

Sex used for the calculation
The circumference formula uses different measurements and constants for females and males. This is the sex used for the calculation, not a statement about gender identity.
Measurement unit
years
Used only to confirm the calculator is being used by an adult — it is not part of the formula.
cm
Stand tall without shoes.
cm
Measure around the neck just below the larynx, keeping the tape level and snug.
cm
Measure around the abdomen at navel level. Stand relaxed and do not pull your stomach in.
Add your weight to also estimate fat mass and lean mass. It does not change the percentage.

How do I take each measurement?

Use a flexible tape measure. Keep it level and snug, but do not compress the skin. Take each measurement twice and use the average if the readings differ.

  • Height — stand tall without shoes.
  • Neck — measure around the neck just below the larynx (just below the Adam’s apple), keeping the tape level.
  • Abdomen (male) — measure around the abdomen at navel level. Stand naturally and do not pull your stomach in.
  • Natural waist (female) — measure around the narrowest part of the torso.
  • Hips (female) — feet together, measure around the widest part of the hips and buttocks.
Estimated body-fat percentage
19.9

US Navy circumference estimate

Estimated category
Typical range
How the estimate is worked out
StepValue
MethodUS Navy
Sex used for the calculationMale
Measurement unit enteredCentimetres
Height180 cm
Neck circumference40 cm
Abdomen circumference92 cm
Formula measurement unitsInches
Estimated body-fat percentage19.9%

View the formula

Body-fat % = 86.010 × log₁₀(abdomen − neck) − 70.041 × log₁₀(height) + 36.76

Every dimension is converted to inches before the logarithms are taken. Age and weight are not part of this calculation.

This is an estimate, not a diagnosis. Tape-measure results vary with tape position, posture, breathing and body shape. Measure under similar conditions each time and focus on the change over weeks rather than a single reading. Estimated lean mass includes muscle, water, bone and organs — it is not a measure of muscle mass alone.

Not medical advice. The US Navy circumference method is a rough estimate from body measurements. It is not equivalent to a DEXA scan, hydrostatic weighing, a BodPod or a clinical assessment, and it does not measure health, fitness or appearance. Body-fat categories are broad reference ranges only.

What this calculator estimates

This tool gives an estimate of body fat percentage using the US Navy circumference method — also called the tape-measure method. It works from your height and a few body measurements. It is an estimate based on body circumferences, not a medical measurement, a diagnosis, or a direct measure of health, fitness or appearance.

If you add your current weight, it also estimates your fat mass and lean mass. Weight does not change the percentage itself.

How to use this calculator

  1. Choose the sex to use for the calculation — the formula and fields differ.
  2. Pick your measurement unit: centimetres or inches. It applies to every measurement.
  3. Enter your age. The calculator is for adults aged 18 to 120.
  4. Enter your height and neck circumference.
  5. For men, enter the abdomen circumference at navel level. For women, enter the natural waist and the hip circumference.
  6. Optionally add your current weight to also estimate fat mass and lean mass.
  7. Read your estimated body fat percentage, its reference category, and the breakdown.

Switching the measurement unit converts the values you have already entered.

How the US Navy body fat formula works

Every measurement is first converted to inches, then put through a sex-specific formula that takes the base-10 logarithm of a circumference difference and of height.

Male body-fat % = 86.010 × log₁₀(abdomen − neck) − 70.041 × log₁₀(height) + 36.76
Female body-fat % = 163.205 × log₁₀(waist + hip − neck) − 97.684 × log₁₀(height) − 78.387
  • All dimensions are in inches; centimetre input is divided by 2.54 first.
  • The abdomen − neck (men) or waist + hip − neck (women) difference must be positive, or the formula has no answer.
  • Age and body weight are not used.

Worked example. A man 180 cm tall, neck 40 cm, abdomen 92 cm. In inches that is height 70.87, neck 15.75, abdomen 36.22. Body-fat % = 86.010 × log₁₀(20.47) − 70.041 × log₁₀(70.87) + 36.76 ≈ 112.8 − 129.6 + 36.76 ≈ 19.9%, which falls in the typical reference range.

How to take each measurement

Use a flexible tape measure. Keep it level and snug against the skin without compressing it. Take each measurement twice and average them if the readings differ.

  • Height — stand tall, without shoes.
  • Neck — measure around the neck just below the larynx, roughly just below the Adam's apple, keeping the tape level rather than sloping.
  • Abdomen (men) — measure horizontally around the abdomen at navel level. Stand relaxed and breathe normally; do not pull your stomach in.
  • Natural waist (women) — measure around the narrowest part of the torso, usually just above the navel.
  • Hips (women) — stand with your feet together and measure around the widest part of the hips and buttocks.

How fat mass and lean mass are estimated

fat mass = body weight × (body-fat % ÷ 100)
lean mass = body weight − fat mass
  • Shown only when you enter a weight; otherwise this section is hidden.
  • Lean mass here is all non-fat tissue — muscle, water, bone and organs — not muscle mass alone.

What the body fat categories mean

These are broad reference ranges for context only. They are not a diagnosis, a health or appearance assessment, or a target. Body fat percentage alone does not define health or fitness.

General body fat reference ranges by sex
CategoryWomenMen
Essential fat10–13%2–5%
Athlete range14–20%6–13%
Fitness range21–24%14–17%
Typical range25–31%18–24%
Higher range32% and above25% and above

Limitations of the tape-measure method

  • It is an estimate. Results vary with tape position, tape tension, posture, breathing and body shape.
  • It can be several percentage points out for very lean or very muscular people, and for body shapes far from those in the original sample.
  • It is not equivalent to a DEXA scan, hydrostatic weighing, a BodPod or a clinical bioelectrical impedance assessment.
  • It is for adults. It does not assess health conditions and is not medical advice.
  • For a useful comparison, measure under the same conditions each time and watch the trend over weeks rather than a single reading.

To compare this with a height-and-weight screen, use the BMI calculator, or estimate your daily energy needs with the maintenance calories calculator.

Frequently asked questions

What is the US Navy body fat method?

It is a way of estimating body fat percentage from a few tape measurements and your height, developed for the US Navy by the Naval Health Research Center. For men it uses neck and abdomen; for women it uses neck, natural waist and hip. It is a circumference estimate, sometimes called the tape-measure method — not a medical measurement or a body scan.

How is body fat percentage calculated from measurements?

Every measurement is converted to inches, then put through a sex-specific logarithmic formula. For men: 86.010 × log10(abdomen − neck) − 70.041 × log10(height) + 36.76. For women: 163.205 × log10(waist + hip − neck) − 97.684 × log10(height) − 78.387. Age and body weight are not part of the calculation.

Why does the calculator ask for different measurements for men and women?

The two equations were fitted separately. The male equation is based on the abdominal circumference at navel level; the female equation uses the natural waist and the hip. Entering the wrong measurement for the selected sex gives a misleading result, so the calculator only shows the fields that the chosen formula needs.

How accurate is the tape-measure body fat estimate?

It is a rough estimate. Studies put it within a few percentage points of hydrostatic weighing for many people, but it can be several points out for very lean or very muscular bodies, and small differences in where you place the tape change the result. It is most useful for tracking change over time under consistent conditions, not for a single precise figure.

What is a healthy body fat percentage?

There is no single ideal figure. Broad reference ranges put essential fat at about 2–5% for men and 10–13% for women, with typical ranges higher than that. Body fat percentage on its own does not define health, fitness or appearance, and this calculator does not set a target.

How are fat mass and lean mass worked out?

If you enter your weight, fat mass = weight × (body fat % ÷ 100), and lean mass = weight − fat mass. Lean mass here means everything that is not fat — muscle, water, bone and organs — so it is not a measure of muscle alone. Weight never changes the body fat percentage itself.

Can I use this calculator for a child or teenager?

No. It is designed for adults aged 18 and over. Body composition in children and teenagers changes with growth and should be assessed with age-appropriate guidance from a GP or paediatric professional. The calculator will not produce an estimate for an age under 18.